SymbolTable.cpp

//===- Core/SymbolTable.cpp - Main Symbol Table ---------------------------===//
//
//                             The LLVM Linker
//
// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//

#include "lld/Core/SymbolTable.h"
#include "lld/Core/AbsoluteAtom.h"
#include "lld/Core/Atom.h"
#include "lld/Core/DefinedAtom.h"
#include "lld/Core/File.h"
#include "lld/Core/LLVM.h"
#include "lld/Core/Resolver.h"
#include "lld/Core/SharedLibraryAtom.h"
#include "lld/Core/LinkingContext.h"
#include "lld/Core/UndefinedAtom.h"

#include "llvm/ADT/ArrayRef.h"
#include "llvm/ADT/DenseMapInfo.h"
#include "llvm/ADT/Hashing.h"
#include "llvm/Support/ErrorHandling.h"
#include "llvm/Support/raw_ostream.h"

#include <algorithm>
#include <cassert>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <vector>

namespace lld {
SymbolTable::SymbolTable(const LinkingContext &context) : _context(context) {}

void SymbolTable::add(const UndefinedAtom &atom) {
  this->addByName(atom);
}

void SymbolTable::add(const SharedLibraryAtom &atom) {
  this->addByName(atom);
}

void SymbolTable::add(const AbsoluteAtom &atom) {
  this->addByName(atom);
}

void SymbolTable::add(const DefinedAtom &atom) {
  if (!atom.name().empty() &&
      (atom.scope() != DefinedAtom::scopeTranslationUnit)) {
    // Named atoms cannot be merged by content.
    assert(atom.merge() != DefinedAtom::mergeByContent);
    // Track named atoms that are not scoped to file (static).
    this->addByName(atom);
  } else if (atom.merge() == DefinedAtom::mergeByContent) {
    // Named atoms cannot be merged by content.
    assert(atom.name().empty());
    this->addByContent(atom);
  }
}

enum NameCollisionResolution {
  NCR_First,
  NCR_Second,
  NCR_DupDef,
  NCR_DupUndef,
  NCR_DupShLib,
  NCR_Error
};

static NameCollisionResolution cases[4][4] = {
  //regular     absolute    undef      sharedLib
  {
    // first is regular
    NCR_DupDef, NCR_Error,   NCR_First, NCR_First
  },
  {
    // first is absolute
    NCR_Error,  NCR_Error,  NCR_First, NCR_First
  },
  {
    // first is undef
    NCR_Second, NCR_Second, NCR_DupUndef, NCR_Second
  },
  {
    // first is sharedLib
    NCR_Second, NCR_Second, NCR_First, NCR_DupShLib
  }
};

static NameCollisionResolution collide(Atom::Definition first,
                                       Atom::Definition second) {
  return cases[first][second];
}

enum MergeResolution {
  MCR_First,
  MCR_Second,
  MCR_Largest,
  MCR_Error
};

static MergeResolution mergeCases[4][4] = {
  // no        tentative     weak       weakAddressUsed
  {
    // first is no
    MCR_Error,  MCR_First,   MCR_First, MCR_First
  },
  {
    // first is tentative
    MCR_Second, MCR_Largest, MCR_Second, MCR_Second
  },
  {
    // first is weak
    MCR_Second, MCR_First,   MCR_First, MCR_Second
  },
  {
    // first is weakAddressUsed
    MCR_Second, MCR_First,   MCR_First, MCR_First
  }
};

static MergeResolution mergeSelect(DefinedAtom::Merge first,
                                   DefinedAtom::Merge second) {
  return mergeCases[first][second];
}

void SymbolTable::addByName(const Atom & newAtom) {
  StringRef name = newAtom.name();
  assert(!name.empty());
  const Atom *existing = this->findByName(name);
  if (existing == nullptr) {
    // Name is not in symbol table yet, add it associate with this atom.
    _nameTable[name] = &newAtom;
    return;
  }

  // Name is already in symbol table and associated with another atom.
  bool useNew = true;
  switch (collide(existing->definition(), newAtom.definition())) {
  case NCR_First:
    useNew = false;
    break;
  case NCR_Second:
    useNew = true;
    break;
  case NCR_DupDef:
    assert(existing->definition() == Atom::definitionRegular);
    assert(newAtom.definition() == Atom::definitionRegular);
    switch (mergeSelect(((DefinedAtom*)existing)->merge(),
                        ((DefinedAtom*)(&newAtom))->merge())) {
      case MCR_First:
        useNew = false;
        break;
      case MCR_Second:
        useNew = true;
        break;
      case MCR_Largest:
        useNew = true;
        break;
      case MCR_Error:
        llvm::errs() << "Duplicate symbols: "
                     << existing->name()
                     << ":"
                     << existing->file().path()
                     << " and "
                     << newAtom.name()
                     << ":"
                     << newAtom.file().path()
                     << "\n";
        llvm::report_fatal_error("duplicate symbol error");
        break;
    }
    break;
  case NCR_DupUndef: {
    const UndefinedAtom* existingUndef = dyn_cast<UndefinedAtom>(existing);
    const UndefinedAtom* newUndef = dyn_cast<UndefinedAtom>(&newAtom);
    assert(existingUndef != nullptr);
    assert(newUndef != nullptr);

    bool sameCanBeNull = (existingUndef->canBeNull() == newUndef->canBeNull());
    if (!sameCanBeNull &&
        _context.warnIfCoalesableAtomsHaveDifferentCanBeNull()) {
      llvm::errs() << "lld warning: undefined symbol "
                   << existingUndef->name()
                   << " has different weakness in "
                   << existingUndef->file().path()
                   << " and in " << newUndef->file().path() << "\n";
    }

    const UndefinedAtom *existingFallback = existingUndef->fallback();
    const UndefinedAtom *newFallback = newUndef->fallback();
    bool hasDifferentFallback =
        (existingFallback && newFallback &&
         existingFallback->name() != newFallback->name());
    if (hasDifferentFallback) {
      llvm::errs() << "lld warning: undefined symbol "
                   << existingUndef->name() << " has different fallback: "
                   << existingFallback->name() << " in "
                   << existingUndef->file().path() << " and "
                   << newFallback->name() << " in "
                   << newUndef->file().path() << "\n";
    }

    bool hasNewFallback = newUndef->fallback();
    if (sameCanBeNull)
      useNew = hasNewFallback;
    else
      useNew = (newUndef->canBeNull() < existingUndef->canBeNull());
    break;
  }
  case NCR_DupShLib: {
      const SharedLibraryAtom* curShLib =
        dyn_cast<SharedLibraryAtom>(existing);
      const SharedLibraryAtom* newShLib =
        dyn_cast<SharedLibraryAtom>(&newAtom);
      assert(curShLib != nullptr);
      assert(newShLib != nullptr);
      bool sameNullness = (curShLib->canBeNullAtRuntime()
                                      == newShLib->canBeNullAtRuntime());
      bool sameName = curShLib->loadName().equals(newShLib->loadName());
      if (!sameName) {
        useNew = false;
        if (_context.warnIfCoalesableAtomsHaveDifferentLoadName()) {
          // FIXME: need diagonstics interface for writing warning messages
          llvm::errs() << "lld warning: shared library symbol "
                       << curShLib->name()
                       << " has different load path in "
                       << curShLib->file().path()
                       << " and in "
                       << newShLib->file().path();
        }
      } else if (!sameNullness) {
        useNew = false;
        if (_context.warnIfCoalesableAtomsHaveDifferentCanBeNull()) {
          // FIXME: need diagonstics interface for writing warning messages
          llvm::errs() << "lld warning: shared library symbol "
                       << curShLib->name()
                       << " has different weakness in "
                       << curShLib->file().path()
                       << " and in "
                       << newShLib->file().path();
        }
      } else {
        // Both shlib atoms are identical and can be coalesced.
        useNew = false;
      }
    }
    break;
  case NCR_Error:
    llvm::errs() << "SymbolTable: error while merging " << name << "\n";
    llvm::report_fatal_error("duplicate symbol error");
    break;
  }

  if (useNew) {
    // Update name table to use new atom.
    _nameTable[name] = &newAtom;
    // Add existing atom to replacement table.
    _replacedAtoms[existing] = &newAtom;
  } else {
    // New atom is not being used.  Add it to replacement table.
    _replacedAtoms[&newAtom] = existing;
  }
}

unsigned SymbolTable::AtomMappingInfo::getHashValue(const DefinedAtom *atom) {
  auto content = atom->rawContent();
  return llvm::hash_combine(atom->size(),
                            atom->contentType(),
                            llvm::hash_combine_range(content.begin(),
                                                     content.end()));
}

bool SymbolTable::AtomMappingInfo::isEqual(const DefinedAtom * const l,
                                           const DefinedAtom * const r) {
  if (l == r)
    return true;
  if (l == getEmptyKey())
    return false;
  if (r == getEmptyKey())
    return false;
  if (l == getTombstoneKey())
    return false;
  if (r == getTombstoneKey())
    return false;

  if (l->contentType() != r->contentType())
    return false;
  if (l->size() != r->size())
    return false;
  ArrayRef<uint8_t> lc = l->rawContent();
  ArrayRef<uint8_t> rc = r->rawContent();
  return memcmp(lc.data(), rc.data(), lc.size()) == 0;
}

void SymbolTable::addByContent(const DefinedAtom & newAtom) {
  // Currently only read-only constants can be merged.
  assert(newAtom.permissions() == DefinedAtom::permR__);
  AtomContentSet::iterator pos = _contentTable.find(&newAtom);
  if (pos == _contentTable.end()) {
    _contentTable.insert(&newAtom);
    return;
  }
  const Atom* existing = *pos;
  // New atom is not being used.  Add it to replacement table.
  _replacedAtoms[&newAtom] = existing;
}

const Atom *SymbolTable::findByName(StringRef sym) {
  NameToAtom::iterator pos = _nameTable.find(sym);
  if (pos == _nameTable.end())
    return nullptr;
  return pos->second;
}

bool SymbolTable::isDefined(StringRef sym) {
  const Atom *atom = this->findByName(sym);
  if (atom == nullptr)
    return false;
  if (atom->definition() == Atom::definitionUndefined)
    return false;
  return true;
}

void SymbolTable::addReplacement(const Atom *replaced,
                                 const Atom *replacement) {
  _replacedAtoms[replaced] = replacement;
}

const Atom *SymbolTable::replacement(const Atom *atom) {
  AtomToAtom::iterator pos = _replacedAtoms.find(atom);
  if (pos == _replacedAtoms.end())
    return atom;
  // might be chain, recurse to end
  return this->replacement(pos->second);
}

unsigned int SymbolTable::size() {
  return _nameTable.size();
}

void SymbolTable::undefines(std::vector<const UndefinedAtom *> &undefs) {
  for (NameToAtom::iterator it = _nameTable.begin(),
       end = _nameTable.end(); it != end; ++it) {
    const Atom *atom = it->second;
    assert(atom != nullptr);
    if (const auto undef = dyn_cast<const UndefinedAtom>(atom)) {
      AtomToAtom::iterator pos = _replacedAtoms.find(undef);
      if (pos != _replacedAtoms.end())
        continue;
      undefs.push_back(undef);
    }
  }
}

void SymbolTable::tentativeDefinitions(std::vector<StringRef> &names) {
  for (auto entry : _nameTable) {
    const Atom *atom = entry.second;
    StringRef name   = entry.first;
    assert(atom != nullptr);
    if (const DefinedAtom *defAtom = dyn_cast<DefinedAtom>(atom))
      if (defAtom->merge() == DefinedAtom::mergeAsTentative)
        names.push_back(name);
  }
}
} // namespace lld