[JumpThreading] Factor out common code to update the SSA form (NFC)

Summary:
This patch factors out common code to update the SSA form in
JumpThreading.cpp -- partly for readability and partly to facilitate
an coming patch of my own.

Reviewers: wmi

Subscribers: hiraditya, jfb, llvm-commits

Tags: #llvm

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D69811