[llvm-readelf/obj] - Stop printing invalid names for unnamed section symbols.

We have an issue with `ELFDumper<ELFT>::getSymbolSectionName`:
1) It is used deeply for both LLVM/GNU styles and might return LLVM-style only
   values to describe symbols: "Undefined", "Processor Specific", "Absolute", etc.

2) `getSymbolSectionName` is used by `getFullSymbolName` and these special values
   might appear instead of symbol names in many places.
   This occurs for unnamed section symbols currently.

This patch extracts the LLVM specific logic to `LLVMStyle<ELFT>::printSymbolSection`,
which seems to be the only place where we want to print the special values mentioned.
It also adds a meaningful new warning that is reported when we are unable to get
a section index for a section symbol.

Differential revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D87764