Improve diagnostics for missing import / #include of module.

Fix a few bugs where we would fail to properly determine header to
module correspondence when determining whether to suggest a #include or
import, and suggest a #include more often in language modes where there
is no import syntax. Generally, if the target is in a header with
include guards or #pragma once, we should suggest either #including or
importing that header, and not importing a module that happens to
textually include it.

In passing, improve the notes we attach to the corresponding
diagnostics: calling an entity that we couldn't see "previous" is
confusing.