[VPlan] Support extracting lanes for defs managed in VPTransformState.

Currently extracting a lane for a VPValue def is not supported, if it is
managed directly by VPTransformState (e.g. because it is created by a
VPInstruction or an external VPValue def).

For now, simply extract the requested lane. In the future, we should
also cache the extracted scalar values, similar to LV.

Reviewers: Ayal, rengolin, gilr, SjoerdMeijer

Reviewed By: SjoerdMeijer

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D80787