Refactor the RelocVisitor::visit method

This change replaces the brittle if/else chain of string comparisons
with a switch statement on the detected target triple, removing the
need for testing arbitrary architecture names returned from
getFileFormatName, whose primary purpose seems to be for display
(user-interface) purposes. The visitor now takes a reference to the
object file, rather than its arbitrary file format name to figure out
whether the file is a 32 or 64-bit object file and what the detected
target triple is.

A set of tests have been added to help show that the refactoring processes
relocations for the same targets as the original code.

Patch by Charlie Turner.

llvm-svn: 218406