[Support] sys::fs::directory_entry includes the file_type.

This is available on most platforms (Linux/Mac/Win/BSD) with no extra syscalls.
On other platforms (e.g. Solaris) we stat() if this information is requested.

This will allow switching clang's VFS to efficiently expose (path, type) when
traversing a directory. Currently it exposes an entire Status, but does so by
calling fs::status() on all platforms.
Almost all callers only need the path, and all callers only need (path, type).

Patch by sammccall (Sam McCall)

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D51918

llvm-svn: 342089