[SCEV] Ensure ScalarEvolution::createAddRecFromPHIWithCastsImpl properly...

[SCEV] Ensure ScalarEvolution::createAddRecFromPHIWithCastsImpl properly handles out of range truncations of the start and accum values

Summary:
 When constructing the predicate P1 in ScalarEvolution::createAddRecFromPHIWithCastsImpl() it is possible
for the PHISCEV from which the predicate is constructed to be a SCEVConstant instead of a SCEVAddRec. If
this happens, then the cast<SCEVAddRec>(PHISCEV) in the code will assert.

 Such a PHISCEV is possible if either the start value or the accumulator value is a constant value
that not equal to its truncated value, and if the truncated value is zero.

 This patch adds tests that demonstrate the cast<> assertion, and fixes this problem by checking
whether the PHISCEV is a constant before constructing the P1 predicate; if it is, then P1 is
equivalent to one of P2 or P3. Additionally, if we know that the start value or accumulator
value are constants then we check whether the P2 and/or P3 predicates are known false at compile
time; if either is, then we bail out of constructing the AddRec.

Reviewers: sanjoy, mkazantsev, silviu.baranga

Reviewed By: mkazantsev

Subscribers: mkazantsev, llvm-commits

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D37265

llvm-svn: 312568