Reland "[lldb/test] Fix TestProgressReporting.py race issue with the event listener"

This patch relands commit 3e3e79a9, and
fixes the memory sanitizer issue described in D120284, by removing the
output arguments from the LLDB_INSTRUMENT_VA invocation.

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D120599



Signed-off-by: Med Ismail Bennani <medismail.bennani@gmail.com>