Implement LWG 2937 - equivalent("dne", "exists") is not an error

This patch speculatively implements the PR for LWG 2937, which fixes
two issues with equivalent.

(1) It makes equivalent("dne", "exists") an error. Previously only
    equivalent("dne", "dne") was an error and the former case was not (it returned false).
    Now equivalent reports an error when either input doesn't exist.

(2) It makes equivalent(p1, p2) well-formed when `is_other(p1) && is_other(p2)`.
    Previously this was an error, but there is seemingly no reason why it should be on POSIX system.

llvm-svn: 307117