[lld-link] diagnose undefined symbols before LTO when possible

Summary:
This allows reporting undefined symbols before LTO codegen is
run. Since LTO codegen can take a long time, this improves user
experience by avoiding that time spend if the link is going to
fail with undefined symbols anyway.

Fixes PR32400.

Reviewers: ruiu

Reviewed By: ruiu

Subscribers: mehdi_amini, steven_wu, dexonsmith, mstorsjo, llvm-commits

Tags: #llvm

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D62434

llvm-svn: 367136