Support GCC [[gnu::attributes]] in C2x mode

GCC 10.1 introduced support for the [[]] style spelling of attributes in C
mode. Similar to how GCC supports __attribute__((foo)) as [[gnu::foo]] in
C++ mode, it now supports the same spelling in C mode as well. This patch
makes a change in Clang so that when you use the GCC attribute spelling,
the attribute is automatically available in all three spellings by default.
However, like Clang, GCC has some attributes it only recognizes in C++ mode
(specifically, abi_tag and init_priority), which this patch also honors.