[libcxx] Fix max_size() across all containers

Summary: The `max_size()` method of containers should respect both the allocator's reported `max_size` and the range of the `difference_type`. This patch makes all containers choose the smallest of those two values.

Reviewers: mclow.lists, EricWF

Subscribers: cfe-commits

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D26885

llvm-svn: 287729