[clang-tidy] Fix a crash in bugprone-not-null-terminated-result check when...

[clang-tidy] Fix a crash in bugprone-not-null-terminated-result check when `__STDC_WANT_LIB_EXT1__` was undefined after definition.

PP->getMacroInfo() returns nullptr for undefined macro, so we need to check this return value before dereference.
Stack dump:
```
 #0 0x0000000002185e6a llvm::sys::PrintStackTrace(llvm::raw_ostream&) (/llvm-project/build/bin/clang-tidy+0x2185e6a)
 #1 0x0000000002183e8c llvm::sys::RunSignalHandlers() (/llvm-project/build/bin/clang-tidy+0x2183e8c)
 #2 0x0000000002183ff3 SignalHandler(int) (/llvm-project/build/bin/clang-tidy+0x2183ff3)
 #3 0x00007f37df9b1390 __restore_rt (/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpthread.so.0+0x11390)
 #4 0x000000000052054e clang::tidy::bugprone::NotNullTerminatedResultCheck::check(clang::ast_matchers::MatchFinder::MatchResult const&) (/llvm-project/build/bin/clang-tidy+0x52054e)
```

Reviewed By: hokein

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D85523