Fix mergefunc infinite loop

Self-referential constants containing references to a merged function
no longer cause the MergeFunctions pass to infinite loop. Also adds a
reproduction IR which would otherwise fail, which was isolated from a similar
issue in Chromium.

Author: jrkoenig
Reviewers: nlewycky, jfb
Subscribers: llvm-commits, nlewycky, jfb

Differential Revision: http://reviews.llvm.org/D11208

llvm-svn: 242337