[mlir][sparse] complete migration to sparse tensor type

A very elaborate, but also very fun revision because all
puzzle pieces are finally "falling in place".

1. replaces lingalg annotations + flags with proper sparse tensor types
2. add rigorous verification on sparse tensor type and sparse primitives
3. removes glue and clutter on opaque pointers in favor of sparse tensor types
4. migrates all tests to use sparse tensor types

NOTE: next CL will remove *all* obsoleted sparse code in Linalg

Reviewed By: bixia

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D102095