[WebAssembly] Misc. cosmetic changes in EH (NFC)

- Rename `wasm.catch` intrinsic to `wasm.catch.exn`, because we are
  planning to add a separate `wasm.catch.longjmp` intrinsic which
  returns two values.
- Rename several variables
- Remove an unnecessary parameter from `canLongjmp` and `isEmAsmCall`
  from LowerEmscriptenEHSjLj pass
- Add `-verify-machineinstrs` in a test for a safety measure
- Add more comments + fix some errors in comments
- Replace `std::vector` with `SmallVector` for cases likely with small
  number of elements
- Renamed `EnableEH`/`EnableSjLj` to `EnableEmEH`/`EnableEmSjLj`: We are
  soon going to add `EnableWasmSjLj`, so this makes the distincion
  clearer

Reviewed By: tlively

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D107405