[lld/mac] Support more flags for --reproduce

I went through the callers of `readFile()` and `addFile()` in Driver.cpp
and checked that the options that use them all get rewritten in the
--reproduce response file. -(un)exported_symbols_list and -bundle_loader
weren't, so add them.

Also spruce up the test for reproduce a bit and actually try linking
with the exptracted repro archive.

Motivated by the response file in PR50098 complaining abou the
-exported_symbols_list path being wrong :)

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D101182