[ObjC generics] Fix not inheriting type bounds in categories/extensions.

When a category/extension doesn't repeat a type bound, corresponding
type parameter is substituted with `id` when used as a type argument. As
a result, in the added test case it was causing errors like

> type argument 'T' (aka 'id') does not satisfy the bound ('id<NSCopying>') of type parameter 'T'

We are already checking that type parameters should be consistent
everywhere (see `checkTypeParamListConsistency`) and update
`ObjCTypeParamDecl` to have correct underlying type. And when we use the
type parameter as a method return type or a method parameter type, it is
substituted to the bounded type. But when we use the type parameter as a
type argument, we check `ObjCTypeParamType` that wasn't updated and
remains `id`.

Fix by updating not only `ObjCTypeParamDecl` UnderlyingType but also
TypeForDecl as we use the underlying type to create a canonical type for
`ObjCTypeParamType` (see `ASTContext::getObjCTypeParamType`).

This is a different approach to fixing the issue. The previous one was
02c2ab3d which was reverted in
4c539e8d. The problem with the previous
approach was that `ObjCTypeParamType::desugar` was returning underlying
type for `ObjCTypeParamDecl` without applying any protocols stored in
`ObjCTypeParamType`. It caused inconsistencies in comparing types before
and after desugaring.

rdar://problem/54329242

Reviewed By: erik.pilkington

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D72872