[Attributor] Remove function pointer restriction for AAAlign

This check is not compatible with opaque pointers. We can avoid
it by adjusting the getPointerAlignment() implementation to avoid
creating unnecessary ptrtoint expressions for bitcasted pointers.
The code already uses OnlyIfReduced to not create an expression
if it does not simplify, and this makes sure that folding a
bitcast and ptrtoint into a ptrtoint doesn't count as a
simplification.

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D120904