[flang][driver] Add options for -fdefault* and -flarge-sizes

Add support for the following Fortran dialect options:
  - -default*
  - -flarge-sizes

It also adds two test cases:
  # For checking whether `flang-new` is passing options correctly to `flang-new -fc1`.
  # For checking if `fdefault-` arguments are processed properly.

Also moves the Dialect related option parsing to a dedicated function
and adds a member `defaultKinds()` to `CompilerInvocation`

Depends on: D96032

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D96344