[clang][driver] NFC: Expose InputInfo in Job instead of plain filenames

This patch exposes `InputInfo` in `Job` instead of plain filenames. This is useful in a follow-up patch that uses this to recognize `-cc1` commands interesting for Clang tooling.

Depends on D106787.

Reviewed By: dexonsmith

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D106788