[ORC] Mark late-claimed weak symbols as live in ObjectLinkingLayer.

ObjectLinkingLayer attempts to claim responsibility for weak definitions that
are present in LinkGraphs, but not present in the corresponding
MaterializationResponsibility object. Where such a claim is successful, the
symbol should be marked as live to prevent it from being dead stripped.

(For the curious: Such "late-breaking" definitions are introduced somewhere in
the materialization pipeline after the initial responsibility set is calculated.
The usual source is the complier or assembler. Examples of common late-breaking
definitions include personality pointers, e.g. "DW.ref.__gxx_personality_v0",
and named constant pool entries, e.g. __realXX..XX.)

The failure to mark these symbols live caused few problems in practice because
late-breaking definitions are usually anchored by existing live definitions
within the graph (e.g. DW.ref.__gxx_personality_v0 is transitively referenced by
functions via eh-frame records), and so they usually survived dead-stripping
anyway. This accidental persistence isn't a principled solution though, and it
fails altogether if a late-breaking definition is not otherwise referenced by
the graph, with the result that the now-claimed symbol is stripped triggering a
"Failed to materialize symbols" error in ORC. Marking such symbols live is the
correct solution.

No testcase, as it's difficult to construct a situation where a late-breaking
definition is inserted without being referenced outside the context of new
backend bringup or plugin-specific shenanigans.

See discussion in https://reviews.llvm.org/D133452 and
https://reviews.llvm.org/D136877.