[Demangle] make llvm::demangle take std::string_view rather than const std::string&

As suggested by @erichkeane in
https://reviews.llvm.org/D141451#inline-1429549

There's potential for a lot more cleanups around these APIs. This is
just a start.

Callers need to be more careful about sub-expressions producing strings
that don't outlast the expression using ``llvm::demangle``. Add a
release note.

Reviewed By: MaskRay, #lld-macho

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D149104