[clang-tidy] Support parenthesized literals in modernize-macro-to-enum

When scanning a macro expansion to examine it as a candidate enum,
first strip off arbitrary matching parentheses from the outside in,
then examine what remains to see if it is Lit, +Lit, -Lit or ~Lit.
If not, reject it as a possible enum candidate.

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D123479

Fixes #54843