[BasicAA] Use known lower bounds for index values for size based check.

Currently, BasicAA does not exploit information about value ranges of
indexes. For example, consider the 2 pointers %a = %base and
%b = %base + %stride below, assuming they are used to access 4 elements.

If we know that %stride >= 4, we know the accesses do not alias. If
%stride is a constant, BasicAA currently gets that. But if the >= 4
constraint is encoded using an assume, it misses the NoAlias.

This patch extends DecomposedGEP to include an additional MinOtherOffset
field, which tracks the constant offset similar to the existing
OtherOffset, which the difference that it also includes non-negative
lower bounds on the range of the index value. When checking if the
distance between 2 accesses exceeds the access size, we can use this
improved bound.

For now this is limited to using non-negative lower bounds for indices,
as this conveniently skips cases where we do not have a useful lower
bound (because it is not constrained). We potential miss out in cases
where the lower bound is constrained but negative, but that can be
exploited in the future.

Reviewers: sanjoy, hfinkel, reames, asbirlea

Reviewed By: asbirlea

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D76194