Store a single Parent pointer for InputSectionBase.

Before InputSectionBase had an OutputSection pointer, but that was not
always valid. For example, if it was a merge section one actually had
to look at MergeSec->OutSec.

This was brittle and caused bugs like the one fixed by r304260.

We now have a single Parent pointer that points to an OutputSection
for InputSection, but to a SyntheticSection for merge sections and
.eh_frame. This makes it impossible to accidentally access an invalid
OutSec.

llvm-svn: 304338