[flang] CheckConformance: tristate-ify result

To ensure that errors are emitted by CheckConformance and
its callers in all situations, it's necessary for the returned result
of that function to distinguish between three possible
outcomes: the arrays are known to conform at compilation time,
the arrays are known to not conform (and a message has been
produced), and an indeterminate result in which is not possible
to determine conformance.  So convert CheckConformance's
result into an optional<bool>, and convert its confusing
Boolean flag arguments into a bit-set of named flags too.

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D103654