[GISel][KnownBits] Give up on PHI analysis as soon as we don't know anything

When analyzing PHIs, we gather the known bits for every operand and
merge them together to get the known bits of the result of the PHI.
It is not unusual that merging the information leads to know nothing
on the result (e.g., phi a: i8 3, b: i8 unknown, ..., after looking at the
second argument we know we will know nothing on the result), thus, as
soon as we reach that state, stop analyzing the following operand (i.e.,
on the previous example, we won't process anything after looking at `b`).

This improves compile time in particular with PHIs with a large number
of operands.

NFC.