[mlir] Loop bounds inference in linalg.generic op improved to support bounds for convolution

Loop bound inference is right now very limited as it supports only permutation maps and thus
it is impossible to implement convolution with linalg.generic as it requires more advanced
loop bound inference. This commits solves it for the convolution case.

Depends On D83158

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D83191