Add rewrite by-reference parameter pass

Summary:
This pass detangles induction variables from functions, which take variables by
reference. Most fortran functions compiled with gfortran pass variables by
reference. Unfortunately a common pattern, printf calls of induction variables,
prevent in this situation the promotion of the induction variable to a register,
which again inhibits any kind of loop analysis. To work around this issue
we developed a specialized pass which introduces separate alloca slots for
known-read-only references, which indicate the mem2reg pass that the induction
variables can be promoted to registers and consquently enable SCEV to work.

We currently hardcode the information that a function
_gfortran_transfer_integer_write does not read its second parameter, as
dragonegg does not add the right annotations and we cannot change old dragonegg
releases. Hopefully flang will produce the right annotations.

Reviewers: Meinersbur, bollu, singam-sanjay

Reviewed By: bollu

Subscribers: mgorny, pollydev, llvm-commits

Tags: #polly

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D36800

llvm-svn: 311066