[InstCombine] Fold icmp(X) ? f(X) : C

This diff extends foldSelectInstWithICmp to handle the case icmp(X) ? f(X) : C
when f(X) is guaranteed to be equal to C for all X in the exact range of the inverse predicate.
This addresses the issue https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/issues/54089.

Differential revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D123159

Test plan: make check-all