[AMDGPU] Implement hardware bug workaround for image instructions

Summary:
This implements a workaround for a hardware bug in gfx8 and gfx9,
where register usage is not estimated correctly for image_store and
image_gather4 instructions when D16 is used.

Change-Id: I4e30744da6796acac53a9b5ad37ac1c2035c8899

Subscribers: arsenm, kzhuravl, jvesely, wdng, nhaehnle, yaxunl, dstuttard, tpr, t-tye, hiraditya, kerbowa, llvm-commits

Tags: #llvm

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D81172