de-serialization of abstract syntax trees.

PCH support serializes the contents of the abstract syntax tree (AST)
to a bitstream. When the PCH file is read, declarations are serialized
as-needed. For example, a declaration of a variable "x" will be
deserialized only when its VarDecl can be found by a client, e.g.,
based on name lookup for "x" or traversing the entire contents of the
owner of "x".

This commit provides the framework for serialization and (lazy)
deserialization, along with support for variable and typedef
declarations (along with several kinds of types). More
declarations/types, along with important auxiliary structures (source
manager, preprocessor, etc.), will follow.

llvm-svn: 68732