Re-implement (de-)serialization of redeclaration chains for

redeclaration templates (RedeclarableTemplateDecl), similarly to the
way (de-)serialization is implemented for Redeclarable<T>. In the
process, found a simpler formulation for handling redeclaration
chains and implemented that in both places.

The new test establishes that we're building the redeclaration chains
properly. However, the FIXME indicates where we're tickling a
different bug that has to do with us not setting the DefinitionData
pointer properly in redeclarations that we detected after the
definition itself was deserialized. The (separable) fix for that bug
is forthcoming.

llvm-svn: 146883