[MSSA] Fix a caching bug.

This fixes a bug where we'd sometimes cache overly-conservative results
with our walker. This bug was made more obvious by r277480, which makes
our cache far more spotty than it was. Test case is llvm-unit, because
we're likely going to use CachingWalker only for def optimization in the
future.

The bug stems from that there was a place where the walker assumed that
`DefNode.Last` was a valid target to cache to when failing to optimize
phis. This is sometimes incorrect if we have a cache hit. The fix is to
use the thing we *can* assume is a valid target to cache to. :)

llvm-svn: 277559