[libcxx] Avoid spurious construction of valarray elements

Summary:
Currently libc++ implements some operations on valarray by using the
resize method. This method has a parameter with a default value.
Because of this, valarray may spuriously construct and destruct
objects of valarray's element type.
    
This patch fixes this issue and adds corresponding test cases.


Reviewers: EricWF, mclow.lists

Reviewed By: mclow.lists

Subscribers: rogfer01, cfe-commits

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D41992

llvm-svn: 324596