Teach ModuleManager::addModule() to check whether a particular module

has already been loaded before allocating a new Module structure. If
the module has already been loaded (uniquing based on file name), then
just return the existing module rather than trying to load it again.

This allows us to load a DAG of modules. Introduce a simple test case
that forms a diamond-shaped module graph, and illustrates that a
source file importing the bottom of the diamond can see declarations
in all four of the modules that make up the diamond.

Note that this version moves the file-opening logic into the module
manager, rather than splitting it between the module manager and the
AST reader. More importantly, it properly handles the
weird-but-possibly-useful case of loading an AST file from "-".

llvm-svn: 138030