Emit x86 instructions for: A = B op C, where A and B are 16-bit registers,

C is a constant which can be sign-extended from 8 bits without value loss,
and op is one of: add, sub, imul, and, or, xor.

This allows the JIT to emit the one byte version of the constant instead of
the two or 4 byte version.  Because these instructions are very common, this
can save a LOT of code space.  For example, I sampled two benchmarks, 176.gcc
and 254.gap.

BM        Old     New    Reduction
176.gcc 2673621 2548962  4.89%
254.gap  498261  475104  4.87%

Note that while the percentage is not spectacular, this did eliminate
124.6 _KILOBYTES_ of codespace from gcc.  Not bad.

Note that this doesn't effect the llc version at all, because the assembler
already does this optimization.

llvm-svn: 9284