[globalisel] Change LLT constructor string into an LLT-based object that knows how to generate it.

Summary:
This will allow future patches to inspect the details of the LLT. The implementation is now split between
the Support and CodeGen libraries to allow TableGen to use this class without introducing layering concerns.

Thanks to Ahmed Bougacha for finding a reasonable way to avoid the layering issue and providing the version of this patch without that problem.

Reviewers: t.p.northover, qcolombet, rovka, aditya_nandakumar, ab, javed.absar

Subscribers: arsenm, nhaehnle, mgorny, dberris, llvm-commits, kristof.beyls

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D30046

llvm-svn: 297177