Introduce ConstantFoldCastOperand function and migrate some callers of...

Introduce ConstantFoldCastOperand function and migrate some callers of ConstantFoldInstOperands to use it.  NFC.

Summary:
Although this is a slight cleanup on its own, the main motivation is to
refactor the constant folding API to ease migration to opaque pointers.
This will be follow-up work.

Reviewers: eddyb

Subscribers: zzheng, dblaikie, llvm-commits

Differential Revision: http://reviews.llvm.org/D16380

llvm-svn: 258390