[clangd] Helper for getting nested namespace qualification

Summary:
Introduce a new helper for getting minimally required qualifiers
necessary to spell a name at a point in a given DeclContext. Currently takes
using directives and nested namespecifier of DeclContext itself into account.

Initially will be used in define inline and outline actions.

Reviewers: ilya-biryukov

Subscribers: MaskRay, jkorous, arphaman, usaxena95, cfe-commits

Tags: #clang

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D69608