[Sema] Fix assertion when `auto` parameter in lambda has an attribute.

Fixes the assertion
> no Attr* for AttributedType*
> UNREACHABLE executed at llvm-project/clang/lib/Sema/SemaType.cpp:298!

In `TypeProcessingState::getAttributedType` we put into `AttrsForTypes`
types with `auto` but later in
`TypeProcessingState::takeAttrForAttributedType` we use transformed
types and that's why cannot find `Attr` corresponding to
`AttributedType`.

Fix by keeping `AttrsForTypes` up to date after replacing `AutoType`.

rdar://problem/47689465

Reviewers: rsmith, arphaman, aaron.ballman

Reviewed By: aaron.ballman

Subscribers: jkorous, dexonsmith, jdoerfert, cfe-commits

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D58659

llvm-svn: 357298