ValueMapper: Split out mapSimpleMetadata, NFC

Split out a helper for mapping metadata without operands.  This is any
metadata that is not an MDNode, and any MDNode where the answer is known
without looking at operands.

Through some weird twists, this function is co-recursive:

    mapSimpleMetadata
    => MapValue
    => materializeInitFor
    => linkFunctionBody
    => RemapInstructions
    => MapMetadata
    => mapSimpleMetadata

I plan to break the recursion in a follow-up.

llvm-svn: 265270