[XRay][compiler-rt] Generational Buffer Management

Summary:
This change updates the buffer queue implementation to support using a
generation number to identify the lifetime of buffers. This first part
introduces the notion of the generation number, without changing the way
we handle the buffers yet.

What's missing here is the cleanup of the buffers. Ideally we'll keep
the two most recent generations. We need to ensure that before we do any
writes to the buffers, that we check the generation number(s) first.

Those changes will follow-on from this change.

Depends on D52588.

Reviewers: mboerger, eizan

Subscribers: llvm-commits, jfb

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D52974

llvm-svn: 344670