build/SDKs: Sketch a minimal stub SDK for Darwin.

 - Motivation is explained in the README, but basically it is convenient to be
   able to build compiler-rt free standing. Since our external dependencies are
   so small, we can achieve this relatively easily by just stubbing out the
   declarations of the external dependencies.
 - This is in no way, shape, or form intended to be complete, it is just the
   minimal stubs necessary to support the stuff we use.

llvm-svn: 144843