constexpr: semantic checking for constexpr functions and constructors. Based in

part on patches by Peter Collingbourne.

We diverge from the C++11 standard in a few areas, mostly related to checking
constexpr function declarations, and not just definitions. See WG21 paper
N3308=11-0078 for details.

Function invocation substitution is not available in this patch; constexpr
functions cannot yet be used from within constant expressions.

llvm-svn: 140926