[clang-tidy] Improve macro handling in modernize-macro-to-enum

When a macro is undef'ed or used in a preprocessor conditional
expression, we need to remember that macro should it later be
defined in the file to an integral value.  We need to exclude
such macro names from being turned into an enum.

Maintain a blacklist of identifiers that we've seen in an
undef or conditional preprocessor directive.  When the file is
done processing, remove all the blacklisted identifiers from
conversion to an enum.

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D123889

Fixes #54842