Add support for AttrSizedOperandSegments/AttrSizedResultSegments

Certain operations can have multiple variadic operands and their size
relationship is not always known statically. For such cases, we need
a per-op-instance specification to divide the operands into logical
groups or segments. This can be modeled by attributes.

This CL introduces C++ trait AttrSizedOperandSegments for operands and
AttrSizedResultSegments for results. The C++ trait just guarantees
such size attribute has the correct type (1D vector) and values
(non-negative), etc. It serves as the basis for ODS sugaring that
with ODS argument declarations we can further verify the number of
elements match the number of ODS-declared operands and we can generate
handy getter methods.

PiperOrigin-RevId: 282467075