[libc++] Remove the ability to use the std::nullptr_t emulation in C++03 mode

Back in https://reviews.llvm.org/D109459, we stopped using the C++03
emulation for std::nullptr_t by default, which was an ABI break. We
still left a knob for users to turn it back on if they were broken by
the change, with a note that we would remove that knob after one release.

The time has now come to remove the knob and clean up the std::nullptr_t
emulation.

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D114786